Notes For Reference:-

Species, Varieties, or Forms in the Genus Rhamnus:

Rhamnus yoshino / Kibinokuroumemodoki

Rhamnus yoshino / Kibinokuroumemodoki キビノクロウメモドキ

Rhamnus yoshin is a deciduous, dioecious shrub or small tree with purple, glossy brown branches in sunny limestone rock areas. Leave are alternate, occasionally opposite, 3-8cm long, 2-4cm wide, obovate-like long oblong, with tips pointed in a tail way, fine serrations on margins, 4-5 pairs of veins, sparse adpressed hairs on upper surfaces, and hairs on lower surfaces. Small yellow-green flowers bloom in cymes from the bases of long and short branches. Bloom time: May.